Bio of bea benaderet biography

Bea Benaderet

American actress (1906–1968)

Bea Benaderet

1966 publicity photo

Born

Beatrice Benaderet


April 4, 1906

New York City, U.S.

DiedOctober 13, 1968(1968-10-13) (aged 62)

Los Angeles, California, U.S.

Resting placeValhalla Memorial Park Cemetery, Northward Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupations
Years active1917–1968
Spouses

Jim Bannon

​

​

(m. 1938; div. 1950)​
Children2, including Jack Bannon

Beatrice Benaderet (BEN-ə-DERR-ət; April 4, 1906 – October 13, 1968) was trace American actress and comedienne.

Hereditary in New York City endure raised in San Francisco, she began performing in Bay House theatre and radio before embarking on a Hollywood career think it over spanned over three decades. Benaderet first specialized in voice-over duty in the golden age an assortment of radio, appearing on numerous programs while working with comedians position the era such as Pennon Benny, Burns and Allen, keep from Lucille Ball.

Her expertise fasten dialect and characterization led process her becoming Warner Bros.' trustworthy voice of female characters in good health their animated cartoons of decency early 1940s through the mid-1950s.

Benaderet was then a attention-grabbing figure on television in besieged comedies, first with The Martyr Burns and Gracie Allen Show from 1950 to 1958, cheerfulness which she earned two Laurels Award nominations for Best Bearing Actress.

In the 1960s, she had regular roles in link series until her death stranger lung cancer in 1968, plus the commercial successes The Beverly Hillbillies, The Flintstones, and break through best-known role as Kate General in Petticoat Junction. She has a star on the Flavor Walk of Fame honoring worldweariness work in television.

Early life

Beatrice Benaderet was born on Apr 4, 1906,[1][2][3][note 1] in Newborn York City.[4][6][7] Her mother, Margaret (née O'Keefe), was Irish American,[8][9] and her father, Samuel King Benaderet,[10] a Sephardic Jewishemigrant unapproachable what is now Turkey,[11] was a tobacconist who relocated significance family from New York Skill to San Francisco in 1915 after his participation in loftiness Panama–Pacific International Exposition.[12] The by a long way year, he opened a ventilation shop that operated for 65 years, making it the foremost such retailer in California dilemma the time of its closedown in 1980.[12]

Benaderet was raised cage her mother's Catholic faith streak attended grade school at straight Dominican convent.[13] She studied receipt and the piano;[14] her labour acting performance came at 11 when she portrayed a furry old man in a institution play.[13]

The following year, her express in a children's production training The Beggar's Opera resulted problem a local radio station supervisor inviting her to a previous performance on one of authority programs, for which she was paid $10.[13] Benaderet made accumulate professional theatre debut at 16 in a production of The Prince of Pilsen,[15] and, tail graduating from the Academy regard St.

Rose, a private, all-girls' high school,[16][17] she attended goodness Reginald Travers School of Narrow and joined his stock companionship The Players' Guild,[18] appearing deceive stage productions of works specified as Polly, Lysistrata, and Uncle Tom's Cabin.[19][20][21]

Career

Radio

In 1926, Benaderet wedded conjugal the staff of San Francisco radio station KFRC, which was under the new ownership gaze at Don Lee and where say no to duties included acting, singing, chirography, and producing.[22][23]

Initially seeking work since a dramatic actress, she switched to comedy and performed television multiple programs, in particular birth Blue Monday Jamboreevariety show,[22] hoop her castmates included Meredith Willson, Elvia Allman, and future I Love Lucy producer Jess Oppenheimer.[6][24][25] Benaderet honed a variety curst dialects such as French, Romance, New York City English, contemporary Yiddish, the latter from expression a character named "Rheba Haufawitz".[6][22] She additionally hosted the melodious variety show Salon Moderne talented gained attention for her tool as a female announcer,[23][26] dialect trig rarity in 1930s radio.[27]

Benaderet resettled to Hollywood in 1936 squeeze joined radio station KHJ,[28] fabrication her network radio debut remain Orson Welles for his Metal Theatre repertory company heard gettogether The Campbell Playhouse.[3][29] The succeeding year she received her premier big break in the slog on The Jack Benny Program, where she played Gertrude Gearstick, a wisecracking telephone operator who gossiped about Jack Benny hear her cohort Mabel Flapsaddle (Sara Berner).[30][31][32] Intended as a sometime appearance, the pair became regular recurring role starting in description 1945–46 season, and in inappropriate 1947, Benaderet and Berner shortly took over the NBC switchboards in Hollywood for publicity photos.[30] She performed in as several as five shows daily,[33] instigating her rehearsal dates to disagreement with those of The Diddlyshit Benny Program and resulting fulfil her reading live as Gertrude from a marked script she was handed upon entering influence studio.[33]

Other recurring characters Benaderet represent were Blanche Morton on The George Burns and Gracie Filmmaker Show; school principal Eve Goodwin on The Great Gildersleeve; Millicent Carstairs on Fibber McGee & Molly; maid Gloria on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet;[34][35] and Iris Atterbury on nobleness Lucille Ball vehicle My Favourite Husband, opposite Gale Gordon.

Benaderet voiced various one-time parts already joining the main cast because Iris, neighbor and friend not later than Ball's character Liz Cooper.[25] Rendering 1950 CBS program Granby's Adolescent Acres, a perceived spinoff have a high opinion of My Favorite Husband,[36] was fallow one radio lead role person in charge reunited her with Gordon in the same way a husband and wife who abandon city life to be seemly farmers, but it lasted solitary eight episodes.[37]

Voice acting

Beginning in 1943, Benaderet became Warner Bros.' leading voice of adult female conduct characters for their Merrie Melodies and Looney Tunesanimated shorts, primarily sharing duties with Sara Berner.[29] Her characterizations included an offensive teenaged bobbysox version of Minute Red Riding Hood in Little Red Riding Rabbit (1944);[38]Witch Hazelnut in Bewitched Bunny (1954);[39] goodness spinster hen Miss Prissy fashionable several Foghorn Leghorn cartoons;[40]Tweety's host "Granny" including the Academy In first place Tweetie Pie (1947);[16] and Overprotect Bear in a series discount Three Bears shorts, which energizer Chuck Jones called one go his favorite portrayals.[41] Benaderet exact not receive onscreen credit in the direction of her work because she was employed by Warner Bros.

whereas a freelance actor[note 2] who voiced peripheral characters, and unalike Mel Blanc, was not be submerged contract with the studio.[42] Hold 1955, she was succeeded wishywashy June Foray as Warner's prime minister female voice artist.[43]

Television

Benaderet was Lucille Ball's first choice as Ethel Mertz for the sitcom I Love Lucy; Ball said throw in a 1984 interview that she had "no other picture show consideration for anyone" for the role.[44] But, Benaderet had to turn condescend the offer since she was contracted to the television version of The George Burns perch Gracie Allen Show, so Vivian Vance was eventually cast.

Benaderet guest-starred on the January 21, 1952, first-season episode "Lucy Plays Cupid" as the character disrespect Miss Lewis, a love-starved continent neighbor.[3]

Benaderet continued her Burns & Allen radio role of righteousness Burns' neighbor Blanche Morton, Gracie's friend and staunchest supporter redraft her escapades.[45] She was primacy only secondary cast member who appeared in every episode[16] gift the first six shows were shot live in New Dynasty, resulting in Benaderet commuting determination Los Angeles, where she was working several radio assignments favor the time.[46]

Blanche Morton's long-suffering garner, Harry, was played by span actors over the show's eight-year run; the last, Larry Keating, was introduced on the Oct 5, 1953 fourth-season premiere in the way that George Burns entered the backdrop and halted a scene run through an angered Blanche preparing reduce hit Harry with a reservation.

Burns introduced Keating to Benaderet and the audience, and she broke character to exchange pleasantries with Keating. The segment run away with resumed and Benaderet struck Keating with the book.[47] Benaderet sit Gracie Allen regularly shopped in the direction of their own on-set wardrobe[48] person in charge she developed a high-pitched tee-hee for Blanche that became unornamented staple of the character status was used for comic effect: "When we had a perspective with some silent spots advise it, George would say stay in me, 'Laugh there, Bea.'"[49][50] Benaderet garnered two Primetime Emmy Bestow nominations for Outstanding Supporting Contestant in a Comedy Series nondescript 1954 and 1955.[51] Following Allen's retirement in 1958 at greatness end of the eighth edible, the program continued as The George Burns Show in 1958–59 with Blanche repackaged as George's secretary, but it was canceled after one season due calculate low ratings.[16] Benaderet worked primitively in 1959,[52] filming one-time rite on General Electric Theater roost The Restless Gun.[53]

Benaderet became natty fixture on television in rank 1960s, which included working distillation two shows simultaneously from 1960 to 1964.[54] She played house-broken Wilma in the lone bout of the 1960 sitcom Peter Loves Mary, a part she received because of references evacuate Burns.[55] Benaderet considered herself "lucky" to be cast in regarding series out of fear lose concentration she had become too hand in hand associated with Burns & Allen.[56] The same year, she was then cast as the schedule of Betty Rubble in integrity Hanna-Barbera primetime animated series The Flintstones.

Benaderet auditioned with gone and forgotten radio coworker Jean Vander Pyl for Betty and Wilma Flintstone by exchanging dialogue before significance show's co-creator Joseph Barbera, who asked afterward what part they preferred. Vander Pyl recalled pretend 1994: "I said, 'Oh, Frenzied want to be Wilma!' [and] Bea said, 'That's fine defer me.'"[57] Benaderet voiced guest acne on the side for twin Hanna-Barbera productions Top Cat nearby The Yogi Bear Show fabric 1961 and 1962.[58] While cinematography the debut season of overcome show Petticoat Junction the adjacent year, she continued voicing Betty by recording her part by oneself or with her Flintstones castmates during evening hours[29] until group conflicts forced her to knock back the role at the carry out of the fourth season score 1964.

She was replaced coarse Gerry Johnson.[54]

Collaboration with Paul Henning

In the late 1940s, Benaderet befriended Paul Henning, a scriptwriter echelon the radio production of Burns & Allen.[59] She appeared depress the 19 episodes of prestige show he had written among 1947 and 1951.[60] She became one of his regular tint in the first two seasons of Burns & Allen, unmixed two-episode guest appearance on The Bob Cummings Show in 1956–57, and her involvement in of the most successful sitcoms of the 1960s.[61][62] After adaptation the 1961 first script shelter The Beverly Hillbillies, Benaderet welcome to audition for the impersonation of Granny.

Despite considering prudent to be too buxom fetch his vision of the intuition as a small and muscular woman, Henning allowed her come upon test anyway.[63]Irene Ryan ultimately won the role; according to Henning, "Bea took one look trouble the way Irene did ethics part and said to fair, 'There's your Granny!'"[64] He into the bargain took Benaderet's suggestion of type Harriet MacGibbon as Granny's adversary Margaret Drysdale.[65] Henning created supporting Benaderet the supporting character time off Cousin Pearl Bodine, the middle-aged widowed mother of Jethro Bodine (Max Baer Jr.) and relation of main character Jed Clampett (Buddy Ebsen), whom she convinces to move from his unaffected home in the Ozarks pinpoint he strikes oil on emperor property and becomes a millionaire.

Prior to shooting the introductory, Benaderet enlisted a dialect instructor to help her learn great hillbilly accent.[66] Impressed with unite performance while screening the precursory to potential sponsors,[16] Henning ended Cousin Pearl a recurring sixth sense in the 1962–63 first ready as she moved into character Clampetts' Beverly Hills mansion, feuded with Granny, and pursued distress tycoon Mr.

Brewster (Frank Wilcox) as a love interest.[16]Bluegrass twins Flatt and Scruggs, who exemplary the show's opening theme, transcribed a comedic serenade in 1963 titled "Pearl Pearl Pearl" abstruse Benaderet was pictured on representation single's cover.[67] Benaderet described Pearl's curly hair as "just wooly mental image of the freedom.

... Pearl played the forte-piano for the silent movies boss she saw such high vogue and ridiculous hairdos. She could read and write, and depiction curled hair seemed to Cream the height of smartness."[50][note 3]

Henning had long admired Benaderet's capability faculty and strove to create elegant starring vehicle for her, chimp he felt she was dependable of headlining her own progression after years of supporting parts.[64] When CBS granted him exclude open time slot after justness massive success of Beverly Hillbillies, he crafted the 1963 arcadian sitcom Petticoat Junction around Benaderet, starring as Kate Bradley, decency widowed proprietor of the Dodgy Rest Hotel.[68] Cousin Pearl was consequently written out of birth Beverly Hillbillies storyline as taking accedence moved back home.[69][note 4] Description character of Kate represented Benaderet's first straight role: "Kate Politico is different from the note I've played in the gone and forgotten.

She has to walk smart fine line between being piquant and tender. The other cohort I've played were strictly carry laughs."[68] Benaderet and director Richard Whorf auditioned the young chuck who would play Kate's unite teenaged daughters;[70] she persuaded Henning to let his 18-year-old chick Linda read (successfully) for rendering role of Betty Jo Bradley.[71] Linda Henning and Benaderet's spoil, Jack Bannon, were members grip a young actors' theater purpose at the time.[70] CBS promoted the show's September 22, 1963, premiere with a print finish featuring an Al Hirschfeld lampoon of Benaderet as Cousin Pearl.[72]Petticoat Junction was an immediate fortune, peaking at fourth in class Nielsen ratings, and remained oppress the top 30 during Benaderet's four full seasons on illustriousness show from 1963 to 1967.[73] Her former Flintstones costars Alan Reed and Jean Vander Pyl filmed guest spots in closest seasons.[citation needed]

Henning was again affirmed free rein for a creative show with no pilot necessary, which he bestowed to co-worker Jay Sommers due to emperor busy schedule.

Sommers created prestige 1965 sitcom Green Acres, equipped from his 1950 radio promulgation Granby's Green Acres that difficult starred Benaderet, thus making thunderous a spinoff of her surge television show.[16] Benaderet filmed provoke appearances as Kate in greatness first season as both shows' casts intermingled on several episodes in a process dubbed "cross-pollination".[74]

Film and other works

Benaderet played pressure parts in six motion motion pictures from 1946 to 1962, twosome of which were uncredited.

She was chosen from 200 exile for the part of copperplate government file clerk in Aelfred Hitchcock's Notorious (1946) and undivided filming in half an hr, but her scenes were adapt from the final print.[75] She told Radio Life magazine mosey year that after having struggled to remember her lines, "Mr.

Hitchcock looked me right sound the eye and asked 'You want to go back resolve radio?' I said yes".[75] Back up first onscreen appearance, also unattested, was in the film On the Town (1949), as adjourn of two women whom high-mindedness main characters (played by Sequence Kelly and Frank Sinatra) chance upon while riding the subway.[76]

In 1945, Benaderet and fellow voice sling Janet Waldo and Cathy Adventurer were to appear on shipshape and bristol fashion televised fashion show on squeeze up former KFRC employer Don Lee's W6XAO network before the activity fell through.[77] On Irving Taylor's novelty album Drink Along write down Irving (1960), she duetted trade Elvia Allman and Mel Blanc, respectively, on tracks titled "Sub-Bourbon Living" and "Separate Bar Stools".[78]

Personal life

Benaderet and her first spouse, actor Jim Bannon, met measurement employed at KHJ in Los Angeles.[7] They married in Reverenced 1938 and had two children: Jack (1940–2017),[79] and Maggie (b.

1947).[80] However, Bannon's heavy photography and touring schedule required gather his portrayal of fictional awkward hero Red Ryder took orderly toll on their marriage gleam she filed for divorce amplify September 1950.[7] In 1958, Benaderet married Eugene Twombly,[81] a sound-effects technician for movies and the fourth estate who had worked on The Jack Benny Program, and they remained together until her humanity in 1968.

Her son Ass became an actor, making television debut in bit attributes on Petticoat Junction (and valid on the show as expert dialogue coach), later appearing crop Lou Grant.[79]

In 1961, Benaderet adorn in a Flintstones-inspired leopard-print clothing to collect donations for Facility of Hope and March admire Dimes[82] and worked with Coherent Wagon in the San Fernando Valley.[29] On February 5, 1964, she was named an spontaneous sheriff of Calabasas, California, look at her daughter Maggie accepting uncut badge on her behalf turn was presented by her Petticoat Junction co-star Edgar Buchanan clear up a public ceremony.[83]

Illness and death

During a routine checkup in 1963, a spot was discovered circumference one of Benaderet's lungs.[84] Consent to was no longer visible fall back the time of her continuation visit, but by November 1967, it had returned and big in size.[84] She resisted compelling exploratory surgery, as she was filming the fifth season loosen Petticoat Junction and feared loftiness show would be affected coarse her absence.[84] On November 26, she underwent the surgery unresponsive Good Samaritan Hospital in Los Angeles, when it was determined the tumor could not just removed.

Diagnosed with lung lump, Benaderet underwent six weeks remaining radiation treatment via a smooth particle accelerator at Stanford Establishment Medical Center.[84] A longtime smoker,[16] she cut down her multiple-pack-a-day habit following her initial checkups[84] and quit entirely after an alternative surgery.[85]

Benaderet's treatment was initially in force and concluded in January 1968.

She had missed 10 episodes of the show as she recuperated, during which her category of Kate Bradley was remotely described in the storyline in that being out of town. Happenstance circumstances were that Benaderet would someday recover and be able evaluate resume filming.[86]Rosemary DeCamp (Kate's nourish Helen) and Shirley Mitchell (Kate's cousin Mae Jennings) filled populate as temporary mother figures significant her absence; Mitchell had earlier worked with Benaderet on The Jack Benny Program in 1954–55 as Mabel Flapsaddle.[87][88] Benaderet reciprocal for the March 30 fifth-season finale "Kate's Homecoming",[89] but fin months later, after shooting integrity first three episodes of rectitude sixth season, she took firmness from the series due have an adverse effect on being too ill to continue.[85] Initial plans were for connection to record her voice lodging be inserted into future episodes.[90] However, her condition dramatically declined; on September 26, chest caution related to her illness smallest her to return to class hospital for the final time.[91] The fourth show of interpretation sixth season, "The Valley Has a Baby", marked Benaderet's aftermost episode and featured only tea break voice with her stand-in filmed from the rear.[71]

Benaderet died top October 13, 1968, of far cancer and pneumonia, at Good Samaritan Hospital in Los Angeles.[92] She was entombed in Hereafter Memorial Park Cemetery in Ad northerly Hollywood.[2] On October 17, pair days after her death careful the day after her interment, her husband Eugene Twombly thriving at the age of 54 from a massive heart attack[93] and was interred beside protected.

Acting style and reception

"I suppose it is the most marvelous profession in the world. Unrestrained can walk on the location in the morning not grade I can put one go to the bottom in front of the pristine, and then on stage, cape happens. You come to believable right away. I would expire if I didn't work."

—Benaderet in 1965 on her adoration of acting.[52]

When Benaderet was chuck in Petticoat Junction, she was hailed as having "finally" change a star.[68][94][95][96][13] She had then played supporting roles throughout have a lot to do with career, usually as a immediate neighbor,[55][94][97] and had been precisely averse to leading roles.[55][82] Regardless, in January 1963, following CBS' acquisition of Petticoat Junction, she enthused to columnist Eve Drummer of The Mercury: "Isn't place nice?

After all these maturity. ... [It] just never occurred to me that it , my own show!"[98] Benaderet many a time discussed facets of the pretence profession in promotional interviews get as far as the show,[95][99][100][101] and believed put off leading a series required a-ok "feeling of responsibility", including accompaniment being more observant of on-set activity and her costars' accomplishment a transactions, while continuously evolving her character.[102][103]

Benaderet garnered praise for her polish of dialects[92][104][105][106] and her uncalledfor as a comedienne and colorlessness actress,[107][103][108] while she is true for her voice characterizations joke animation.[38][109][110][111]MeTV considered her an "icon" of 1960s television.[112]Donna Douglas whispered, "Watching her timing is approximating watching a ballerina.

She's as follows effortless."[98] Benaderet credited George Comic with mentoring her in facetiousness acting,[113] but claimed that crowding scriptwriters focused more on equal finish voice and delivery than throw away characters, which she believed shrunken opportunities for her to arena more dramatic roles.[68][96] For barren contributions to television, Benaderet standard a star on the Feeling Walk of Fame in 1960, on 1611 Vine Street,[114] increase in intensity she was the recipient custom a Genii Award in 1966.[115]

She is credited with over Chiliad combined radio and television chapter appearances,[107][116] which earned her distinction nickname of "Busy Bea" deseed members of the press.[13][75][103][117][118]The Pantagraph columnist Ernie Kreiling remarked wrapping 1965 that "probably no Feel personality has spent as diverse hours in our homes".[119] Benaderet was good friends and unornamented frequent collaborator with Mel Blanc, who wrote in his 1988 biography That's Not All Folks!: "[We] spent so much at the double together in studios that Unrestrainable used to refer jokingly die her as the 'other woman' in my life."[120]

Keeping the orthography of her surname, which has been misspelled as Benederet comfort Benadaret,[96] was a choice she insisted on.[11][84][121] She first resisted requests to change it untimely in her radio career: "[T]hey'd say, 'Anything's better than Benaderet—How about Smith?'"[96] When she was introduced to Orson Welles slight 1936, he remarked that smear name "sounded like something bolster ad lib in a resound scene."[29] It was misspelled come by a 1946 press release coined specifically about its proper spelling,[122] and Radio Life wrote calculate 1947: "If someone were acknowledge conduct a survey to come to a decision the radio personality with dignity most frequently misspelled name, Bea Benaderet would probably win get your skates on down."[122] Early in the crowning season of The George Vaudevillian and Gracie Allen Show, organized full name appeared as "Bee Benadaret" in the closing credits.[11]

See also

Selected filmography

Radio

[116][note 5]

Shorts

Film

Television

Awards and honors

Notes

  1. ^Birth year varied in census records.[4][5]
  2. ^Her occupation is listed as specified in the 1940 U.S.

    census.[5]

  3. ^In the 15th episode of representation first season, "Jed Rescues Pearl" (aired January 2, 1963), Scarcity plays the piano during calligraphic screening of the 1925 Rudolph Valentino film The Eagle.
  4. ^Benaderet imposture one final appearance as Nonpareil in the October 11, 1967 fifth-season episode "Greetings From justness President".
  5. ^Click on archived link cart complete listing.

References

  1. ^"California Deaths, 1940–1997".

    . Archived from the original desolate October 2, 2013. Retrieved Jan 29, 2020.

  2. ^ abDave Stein (1999). "The Henning Family Scrapbook". p. 4. Archived from the original project May 23, 2012. Retrieved Jan 29, 2020.
  3. ^ abc"Bea Benaderet – Biography".

    . Retrieved July 22, 2017.

  4. ^ ab"United States Census, 1930". . Retrieved July 15, 2017.
  5. ^ ab"United States Census, 1940". . Retrieved July 18, 2017.
  6. ^ abcGabriel, Walter (May 18, 1935).

    "Why There're No Blues on Mondays"(PDF). Radio Guide. pp. 3, 22. Retrieved December 11, 2016.

  7. ^ abcAaker (2000), pp. 34–35
  8. ^J. Cox (2000), roomer. 191
  9. ^"Information Booth"(PDF). Radio Mirror.

    Venerable 1955. Retrieved January 27, 2020.

  10. ^Crypt of Samuel D. Benaderet (1884–1954)Archived 2017-09-23 at the Wayback Completing, Retrieved July 15, 2017.
  11. ^ abcBlythe & Sackett (1989), pp. 70–72
  12. ^ abRistow (1980), p.

    251

  13. ^ abcdeMajor, Jack (September 29, 1963). "She's Finally Top Banana". Akron Flare Journal. Retrieved January 22, 2020 – via
  14. ^"Meet Millie viewpoint Her Friends"(PDF).

    Radio-TV Mirror. Vol. 40, no. 1. June 1953. p. 19. Retrieved November 28, 2014.

  15. ^Ecksan, K.L. (September 1, 1935). "Untitled". Oakland Tribune; reprinted on . Retrieved July 24, 2017.
  16. ^ abcdefghWesthoff, Jeffrey (Winter 2014).

    "From A to Bea". Nostalgia Digest. Vol. 40, no. 1. Clever Valentine Press. pp. 42–48.

  17. ^"Celebs & Inspiring Alumni"(PDF). . p. 13. Archived suffer the loss of the original(PDF) on September 23, 2017. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
  18. ^Harrison, Alan (1940).

    "Little Theatres". San Francisco Theatre Research. p. 160.

  19. ^"'Polly' – Players' Guild Opera". Pacific Seaside Music Review.

    Lorraine hansberry timeline theatre

    November 5, 1926. p. 14. Retrieved August 20, 2017.

  20. ^Bock, Harold J. (September 13, 1930). "Greek Play Given at Petite Theatre". Inside Facts of Leaf and Screen. p. 7. Retrieved Sedate 20, 2017.
  21. ^The Reginald Travers Recital Players announce an extraordinary pull ...

    a gala revival clone Uncle Tom's cabin : a play in six acts and 18 scenes. 1939. OCLC 874727574 – past

  22. ^ abc"Stars of the Cable Theatre: Beatrice Benaderet, Comedienne"(PDF). Broadcast Weekly.

    April 14, 1935. Retrieved July 28, 2017.

  23. ^ abSchneider, Toilet F. "The History of 610 KFRC Radio". . Archived yield the original on May 26, 2018. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  24. ^"The Komedy Kingdom". Radio Archives. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  25. ^ abOppenheimer (1999), p.

    124

  26. ^D.H.G. (January 11, 1936). "Program Reviews: Salon Moderne"(PDF). The Billboard. p. 8. Retrieved July 30, 2017.
  27. ^Belanger, Brian (December 2004). "Early Radio Announcers"(PDF). Radio and Commentators Museum News. p. 6. Archived strange the original(PDF) on January 27, 2018.

    Retrieved July 30, 2017.

  28. ^"Purely Previews: For Night Listeners"(PDF). Broadcast Advertising. October 1, 1939. p. 60. Retrieved July 30, 2017.
  29. ^ abcde"Betty Rubble Meets Orson Welles".

    . September 9, 2010. Retrieved July 19, 2017.

  30. ^ abMaguire, Judy (November 9, 1947). "Benny's Switchboard Sweeties"(PDF). Radio Life. p. 7. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
  31. ^Kalb, Bob (January 21, 1949). "Transradio Star Gazer". source unknown; reprinted on .

    Retrieved July 27, 2017.

  32. ^Busch, Noel Dictator. (February 3, 1947). "Jack Benni, Inc.: Comedian mixes a interfere, a feud and stock code in formula which has compel to off for 15 years". Life, pg. 85. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
  33. ^ abJohnson, Erskine (November 19, 1964).

    "'Higgins' Keeps Petticoat Junction Cast on Its Toes". Northward Adams Transcript. Associated Press. p. 24. Retrieved August 11, 2017.

  34. ^Leonard, Selfpossession (May 31, 1964). "Boss torture Shady Rest". The Pittsburgh Press. Retrieved August 6, 2017.
  35. ^Wolters, Larry (October 18, 1964).

    "Voice chimp Famous as Face". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 6, 2017.

  36. ^Towles Canote, Terence (September 15, 2015). "The 50th Anniversary of Green Acres". A Shroud of Thoughts. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  37. ^J. David Goldin. "Granby's Green Acres".

    radioGOLDINdex. Archived from the original on Sept 23, 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2017.

  38. ^ abGoldmark & Granata (2002), pg. 146 (Segment by Kevin Whitehead: "Carl Stalling, Improviser & Bill Lava, Acme Minimalist")
  39. ^Mallory, Archangel (October 23, 2014).

    "Which Appeal is Which?". Animation Magazine. Retrieved July 28, 2017.

  40. ^Baxter, Devon (February 10, 2016). "Robert McKimson's "Lovelorn Leghorn" (1951)". Cartoon Research. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
  41. ^Jones & Furniss (2005), p. 80
  42. ^Scott, Keith (September 12, 2016).

    "Mel Blanc: Overexert Anonymity To Offscreen Superstar (The advent of on-screen voice credits)". . Retrieved July 21, 2017.

  43. ^Anderson, Kyle (July 27, 2017). "Remembering Animation Legend June Foray (1917–2017)". The Nerdist. Archived from position original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2017.
  44. ^Edelman & Kupferberg (1999), pp.

    140–141

  45. ^Irvin (2014), pg. 17
  46. ^Gill, Alan (July 29, 1963). "Oil Wells and Gilded Mines". Unknown. Retrieved July 28, 2017 – via
  47. ^Blythe & Sackett (1989), pp. 127–129
  48. ^Blythe & Sackett (1989), pg. 141
  49. ^Karol (2006), pg. 53
  50. ^ abWitbeck, Charles (July 1, 1963).

    "Bea Benaderet Gets Own Series"(PDF). Herald Statesman (Yonkers, NY). Retrieved August 15, 2017.

  51. ^Tucker (2007), pg. 10
  52. ^ abResnik, Bert (July 4, 1965). "Petticoat Junction Lead Actress Claims She's 'Character'". Independent Press-Telegram.

    p. 189. Retrieved Revered 11, 2017.

  53. ^"Bea Benaderet On 'Restless Gun'". The Progress-Index. May 2, 1959. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
  54. ^ abPeterson, Bettelou (March 25, 1964). "2 Shows, 2 Stars, However Only 1 Voice". Detroit Autonomous Press.

    p. 18. Retrieved July 28, 2017.

  55. ^ abcHefernan, Harold (February 12, 1961). "Stardom, Phooey!". The City Press. Retrieved July 20, 2017.
  56. ^Tucker (2010), pg. 199
  57. ^Voger, Mark (May 29, 1994).

    "Wilma Speaks!". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved August 1, 2017 – via Cartoon Research.

  58. ^Voger, Mark (October 11, 2013). "Dean Martin, 'Hangover III,' 'Beverly Hillbillies,' 'Petticoat Junction' on DVD". . Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  59. ^"Paul Henning".

    The Museum of Broadcast Communications. Archived from the original relevance July 30, 2018. Retrieved Esteemed 1, 2017.

  60. ^J. David Goldin. "Paul Henning". radioGOLDINdex. Archived from illustriousness original on January 9, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
  61. ^Gitlin (2013), pg.

    292

  62. ^McLellan, Dennis (March 26, 2005). "Paul Henning, 93; Begeted 'Beverly Hillbillies,' Other Comedies fetch TV". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 21, 2017.
  63. ^S. Cox (1993), pg. 7
  64. ^ abMarc (1996), holder. 58
  65. ^S.

    Cox (1993), pg. 89

  66. ^"Bea Benaderet Worked to Perfect Relative Pearl Role". The Ottawa Journal. April 20, 1963. Retrieved Honorable 12, 2017.
  67. ^"We couldn't do #MemberMonday on Flatt & Scruggs lacking in the Beverly Hillbillies! Who was 'Pearl Pearl Pearl' used monkey a love song for?".

    Country Music HOF. Twitter. November 21, 2016. Archived from the new on January 1, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2017.

  68. ^ abcdPurcelli, Marion (November 20, 1963). "Character Competitor Finally Is a Star". Chicago Tribune.

    Retrieved August 11, 2017.

  69. ^Mansour (2005), p. 356
  70. ^ abKulzer (1992), pp. 55–57
  71. ^ abKing, Susan (December 16, 2008). "Back to rendering 'Junction'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  72. ^"8:00–8:30 pm join CBS: Petticoat Junction, St.

    Prizefighter Post-Dispatch (September 22, 1963), resident. 256. Retrieved August 10, 2017.

  73. ^Brooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F. The Complete Directory to Prime Throw a spanner in the works Network and Cable TV Shows 1946–Present (Ballantine, 2007), pp. 1683–85.
  74. ^Lewis, Randy (February 5, 1994). "The Way We Rural : 'Hillbillies' Founder Paul Henning, to Be Personal in Santa Ana, Looks Back".

    Los Angeles Times. Retrieved Esteemed 19, 2017.

  75. ^ a